css syntax and selectors

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a language used for describing the presentation of a document written in a markup language, such as HTML or XML. 

It is used to control the layout and visual design of web pages.

CSS selectors are used to select elements on a web page and apply styles to them. 

Some common types of selectors include:

Element selectors: Selects elements based on their HTML tag name, such as "p" for paragraphs or "h1" for headings.

Example:

p {
color: blue;
}

Class selectors: Selects elements based on their class attribute. Classes are assigned to elements using the "class" attribute, and multiple elements can share the same class. 

Example:

.highlight {
    background-color: yellow;
 }

 

ID selectors: Selects elements based on their id attribute. 

IDs are assigned to elements using the "id" attribute, and each element can have only one unique id. 

Example:

 #header {
       font-size: 20px;
   }

 

  

Attribute selectors: Selects elements based on their attributes and attribute values. 

Example:

a[href='https://example.com']
     {
       color: red;
     }

    

There are also more advanced selectors such as:

Pseudo-class selectors: Selects elements based on their state or position in the document, such as links that have been visited or elements that are being hovered over. 

Example: 

  a:hover {
       text-decoration: underline;
   }

 

Pseudo-element selectors: Selects a specific part of an element, such as the first letter of a paragraph or the ::before and ::after of an element. 

Example:

  p::first-letter {
     font-size: 20px;
  }

You can also group selectors to apply the same styles to multiple elements. 

Example:

h1, h2, h3 {
  color: blue;
  text-align: center;
}

You can also use CSS cascading and inheritance to apply styles to child elements. 

Example:

#parent {
color: blue;
}
#parent .child {
background-color: yellow;
}

It is important to note that the specificity of the selectors is also important, more specific selectors will have precedence over more general selectors.